Essay on At Risk Students and Reading Proficiency - 691 Words

Chapter II Review of the Literature Introduction It is a â€Å"reading world† we live in and students should be guaranteed every opportunity to succeed in this information driven society. Children today are overwhelmed with more reading material than ever before on billboard, television, the Internet and at school, causing reading to become a relevant and essential need in the life of every child (Lumpkin 1972). Being able to read has become the core of our information driven society. Yet, reading difficulties continue to plague the foundation of our education system creating a problem that only seems to be escalating. Hasselbring affirms that reading difficulties are a serious concern to our nation’s students claiming that, â€Å"as many as†¦show more content†¦These students have been identified as being at a disadvantage both economically and academically. Although many unknown factors contribute to the development of poor readers it is not without saying that outside factors –poverty, attenda nce, English Language Learners and learning disabilities are mitigating factors that can‘t be overlooked (Reig, 2007). There are various factors that are used to categorize students as being at risk. At Risk English Language Learners Students included under the at risk category includes English Language Learners who have little or no knowledge of the English language (Reig, 2007). On the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), English Language Learners fellShow MoreRelatedThe No Child Left Behind Act1145 Words   |  5 Pagesrequired schools provides highly qualified teachers for students. NCLB also required the states administered set a proficiency standard, so-called Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), which gradually increase the percentage of student that must meet the proficiency standard. The stats administrator also setup a standardize test for all the public schools students. The standardize tests measure students’ proficiency in mathematics and English reading. The purpose of NCLB is to improve individual performanceRead MoreCommunication Skills And Language Proficiency1546 Words   |  7 PagesField Experience AK is a nine year old ELL student in Mrs. Tobin’s fourth grade classroom. He was five years old and entering Kindergarten when his family moved to the United States of America from Macedonia. This means he’s been in the country for four years and he has received all of his formal schooling here in the United States, and as a result he has never learned to read or write in his native Macedonian language. AK speaks English at home with his mother, but she has a very distinct accentRead MoreComputer Based Instructional Programs For Student Reading Achievement877 Words   |  4 Pagesand limitations informing the research. The purpose of the proposed study is to determine the effectiveness of the i-Ready ® computer-based reading program used at a Title I school in a large urban district for relationship to increases of student reading achievement. i-Ready ® is an interactive computer-based instructional program designed to accelerate reading and language skills at the host school. According to Curriculum Associates (2014,) i-Ready ® combines assessment and individualized instructionRead MoreEffects Of The Mother Language On The Second Language797 Words   |  4 Pages many schools and universities aim to prepare local students for careers in the globally-connected Middle East, while holding onto its cultural values. What I liked in this section is that I can try to apply the multisensory fashion in my future classroom. Unlike the traditional techniques that my English teachers were using and some of the current teachers still use, I would like to add these methods to my teaching styles since all my students will be ELLS. Applying MSL principle in teaching ELLS:Read MoreNo Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) And It Mandates882 Words   |  4 Pages2001(NCLB) and it mandates that every student in K-12 public schools will reach basic proficiency in math and reading by 2014. The goals of the accountability component of NCLB place emphasis on closing the achievement gap for all public school students, regardless of their socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or disabilities. The Federal Government mandates annual testing of all students in grades three through eight on challenging state standards for mathematics and reading (Beisser 2014). The author notedRead MoreThes Population Is About 58000 People1078 Words   |  5 Pageseducating 220 students who consist of; pre-k through fifth grade, including one resource room, and two Functional Life skills classrooms. We are currently a title school composing of 72 percent students who receive free or reduced lunch. Willard Elementary schools is meeting proficie ncy in math, and not meeting proficiency in reading. Our school is lead by one administrator, who has made a school wide goal to make a focus of improving our reading scores (Willard Elementary School Student/Parent HandbookRead MoreEffects Of Dropout Rates On The Latino Communities Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesThe Latino population is increasing and data shows that there is a vast majority of students who are dropping out of school. Dropout rates is a great concern to school districts and to the U.S. in general. If the population is increasing this means that our future generation need to be well equipped to help us progress. There are several studies and research that discuss the different factors that contribute to dropout rates in the Latino communities. As we look over previous literature and studiesRead MoreThe Nclb Act Of 2001 Required Schools Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagesfederal guidelines, most notably the elimination of the achievement gap between all student subgroups. However, there are multiple factors that can contribute to the achievement gap among student groups, including student mobility which is not measured through standardized tests. This chapter presents research relevant to the topic of student mobility and how the topic impacts student achievement, specifically reading development skills. First, this chapter will discuss the various educational reformRead MoreElementary Classroom At Bb Elementary1525 Words   |  7 PagesI am placed in a third grade classroom at BB Elementary (preK-5) in NN city, MM county. According to the BB website, the school enrolls around 480 students, two-thirds of which are English Learners. The demographics of this school are comprised of primarily Hispanic, African American, and South Asian families. All instruction is done in English. The pacing of this school is determined by the SBAC, or the Smarter Balance Assessment System based on the California Common Core standards. The MM schoolRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Law1315 Words   |  6 Pages Today the public school system in America is failing to meet the educational standards. The public education is lack of focus to teach their students abilities and skills and is lack of funds, supplies and resources to improve the learning and educational experiences for students. Public schools getting worse and worse according to critics and experts. The United States is being beaten by other nations with higher test scores and the government have being trying to close the achievement gap and

Business Ethics And Corporate And Management Strategies Essay

Introduction- An Overview It is a viable alternative to apply CSR in Corporate and management strategies to outclass competing companies. An organization by carrying out its ethical principles and convictions in their activities and propagating them via organizational network influences the relationship with shareholders, clients and employees. The application of CSR can lead to social benefits and legitimacy for the firm since it can consider itself as a coalition in which the different stakeholders participate to gain their own benefit. (Freeman, 1984). The format of the paper includes an analysis of the merging of CSR in the business management of an organization, case for and against CSR with intent to present an overview. Further, we present a case study of Sony Australia Ltd. a wholly owned subsidiary of Japan’s Sony Corporation focusing on their CSR strategies. Finally we conclude with some observations on the affiliation of CSR and business success and the role of ethics in sustaining a firm’s competitive edge. The correlation between Business Ethics and Corporate Governance: The fundamental link Values in business are the driving force that determines ‘what is right and what is wrong while doing business. What values are to individuals, ethics are to business’ (Fernando, A.C. 2012). An obliging attitude towards labor welfare is a value that may impel an entrepreneur to perform more for workers than what the labor laws enunciates. Ethical behavior aids in gainingShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Management And The Success Of A Company1192 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluating the importance of management and integrity as essential elements to the success of a company Introduction When it comes to the coordination of activities of an or organization or a company in order to achieve its desired objectives, the importance of management should never be underestimated, management itself is a large and complex topic with all organizations having its goals and objective in which its management process will need to attain desired success for the company, using GlobalRead MoreDichotomy between Stakeholders and Management1425 Words   |  6 PagesIn light of recent global business scandals, corporate governance has become a significant topic. It can be understood as a dichotomy between the shareholders and the management of a company. Navigating this relationship is often problematic as the shareholders provide oversight while management makes daily executive decisions on their behalf. When managed appropriately, this balance between shareholders and management can result in improved efficiency, conflict resolution and a contribution to improvingRead MoreOrganizationa l Culture : Business Practices1011 Words   |  5 Pages Does Organisational Culture Shape Ethical Business Practices? U5009333 Sarah Zuiderduin 14/10/2014 â€Æ' Introduction Organisation culture can be described as the beliefs, customs, value systems and behavioural norms and ways of doing business that are unique to each corporation. The impact of organisational culture on the ethical standards and moral practices of people in organisations has become increasingly common (Fisse Braithwaite, 1983). Managers within organisationsRead MoreSocial Responsibility And Business Ethics Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pagesoutlines Peter Drucker’s description of the role of social responsibility in business organizations and society. This paper will compare similarities and differences between Cohen’s perspective on social responsibility to the social responsibility and business ethics theories of Drucker and Milton Friedman. Furthermore, this paper will provide a frame of reference on corporate social responsibility and business ethics presented in other research. Social Responsibility Defined Cohen, 2009 wroteRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1167 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept which is also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience or in a simple way a responsible business. It is an integrated concept of self-regulatory business model for any organisation. Corporate Social Responsibility has been in practice for more than fifty years now, which has been adopted not only by domestic companies but also by transnational company with voluntary CSR initiativesRead MoreThe Diversity Of Business Ethics907 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity in Business Ethics Today businesses are faced with challenges, one in particular is diversification. Diversification according to John Jefferson and his associates (2009) is a form of growth, and the marketing strategy of a company, which seeks to increase profitability through greater sales volume obtained from new products and new markets. Interesting Jefferson (2009) also, states, diversification can occur either at the business unit or corporate level. Which bring s me to my point onRead MoreWeek 1 Knowledge Check1287 Words   |  6 Pages2 100% 3 4 5 67% 6 7 8 Company Mission 100% 9 10 11 Company Goals and Objectives 100% 12 13 Three Levels of Strategy à ¢ Corporate, Business-Level, Functional 100% 14 15 Strategic Management Process 100% 17 18 Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Management Ethics 16 Concept: The Stakeholder Approach to Social Responsibility. Concepts Mastery The Stakeholder Approach to Social Responsibility. 0% Questions Read MoreMicrosoft Internal And External Factors1652 Words   |  7 Pages Trends Business Environment: Successful companies practice a disciplined management strategy which encompasses the four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The application of these management practices is evident in further analyzing the management construct of Microsoft Corporation. A global corporation who specializes in providing technology solutions for five different business segments ranging from personal computers to gaming devices, Microsoft has demonstratedRead MoreRole Of The Board Of Directors And Chief Executive Officer1592 Words   |  7 Pagescode of ethics and ethical values are key elements of the internal control process of public companies. The adequacy of an ethics system and the way of life of an organization should be a matter of concern and top priority to the Board of Directors and CEO. Having a code of ethics although is not a guarantee against corporate misconduct. An effective ethics system involves constant reinforcement of strong values. One of th e roles of a CEO in a company is to develop and sustain a corporate culture

A Man For All Seasons Interpretive Essay Example For Students

A Man For All Seasons Interpretive Essay A Man for All Reasons. For a truly Christian man, nothing is more important than preparing the immortal soul for the next life. In the play, A Man for All Seasons, Sir Thomas Moore is a devout Christianapparent due to his unceasing prayers, vast humbleness, devotion to his family, and his ardency in maintaining the truth. His refusal to obey King Henry VIII shows that he believes strongly in life after death, for going against the King of England in Renaissance Era ensured swift, lethal retribution. Sir Thomas More fought for what he believed in and refused to be molded into something that he wasnt. Sir Thomas More did not die in vain, he did not deviate from his personal beliefs. More achieved more in the end because he didnt let death worry him. His last words illustrate this, His will not refuse one who is so blithe to go (99). More understood that he was in line with his beliefs. He knew that by dying and not worrying, he would be proving a point to the public by letting it be known that Cromwell had set him up. When More died it sent a message to the public that the King was wrong in what he was doing. As More died in front of a lot of people, it certainly showed to the public that it was honorable and he put his point across in the clear way. .but because I would not bend to the marriage (78), More is simply stating that he wouldnt agree with the King for the clear intention of staying alive. When More died it was for a worthy cause to take a stand against something he felt was real and because he did not worry in the process his actions were not in vain. By More dying, he proved a point to himself and the public. He proved that he was honorable and not going to succumb to the deceitful thinking of Cromwell and the King. I have not disobeyed my sovereign. I truly believe no man in England is safer than myself (40). This clearly demonstrates the fact that More knew what he was doing and wasnt going to go against his beliefs for the sake of living. More knew that if he stayed alive, it would have been insufferable, living in jail for the rest of his life, no job, and little sight of family. He did what he thought was right, I do no harm, I say none harm, I think none harm. And if this be not enough to keep a man alive, in good faith I long not to live (97). He sustained in doing what he felt right in his heart, not what people told him. Because he was able to keep true to himself and followed his heart, his actions were not in vain. One characteristic that distinguishes a persons actions are not in vain or worthless is the ability to follows ones conscience as did More. Though he treated his family with love and respect, Sir Thomas did not consider staying alive for them. While in captivity, they visited him for a few minutes to try and sway him from his standpoint so that he might return, and life would be able to resume itself. Cromwell was hunting More for his beliefs not actions, since nothing bad could be found. Peoples greed justified that they could go after More and distort information in order to get what they wanted. An example of this principle is Richard Rich. He helped to kill More and even lied under oath, all to get what he wanted. As More said to Cromwell, In matters of conscience, the loyal subject is more bounden to be loyal to his conscience than to any other thing (92). This suggests that More believed in what he was saying and it didnt matter what Cromwell was saying, More simply dismissed i t and carried out what he felt was right according to his belief system. .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .postImageUrl , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:hover , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:visited , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:active { border:0!important; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:active , .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u79f0737b8b29e82d2a75a68a916d6c4d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Witchcraft In Hollywood (1886 words) EssayMore died for the fact that he would not succumb to the beliefs of the public and the monarchy. He stayed true to himself and this is the most important factor in life. If you are denying yourself in order to get something or somewhere, you are cheating yourself. He was not one to compromise his beliefs to gain wealth and earthly possessions, but to live an honest life. For this very reason he lived and died but not in vain.

Pillars of Education Essay Example For Students

Pillars of Education Essay What are the Four Pillars of Education? The tour pillars to education which are Learning to Know, Leaning to Do, Learning Together, and Learning to Be Each one has a different point of view and helps us see things and understand different things. Learning to know; mainly talks about how we start thinking, we process things, how we concentrate, and memory skills. As you know since we are small kids we start learning, concentrating and thinking. I personally think this is the most important pillar of education since its the first one we develop and use in our live. In short, that we learn to learn. Learning to do; talks about how can we use education and how can we adapt it to future. What I understand about this learning Is that Is for professional persons, who want to improve it all. The learning to be together; talks about how can we unite the world, how can we teach our students to care for others and make awareness of what is going on, in the world and in other countries. Learning to be; talks about how can we Just be ourselves and succeed and how that can help us in education letting us be creative and follow our opinions and tenements. . How do teachers equip students/pulls with learning opportunities guided by the Pillars of Education? The teachers can equip students with various learning opportunities, The mood of the classroom is controlled by the teacher. Her pedagogy identifies the various ways to give the students the maximum learning opportunities. Professional learning (PL) is anchored in the school-based work of teachers. School s and workplaces commit to lifelong learning practices to build shared knowledge and meet the needs of students or clients. The emphasis Is on continuous Improvement with a focus on results. Knowledge is translated into collaborative problem solving and consistently applied practices. Professional Learning is enriched by current research, ideas and knowledge about pedagogy and adult learning. It Is data-driven, measured and supported by evidence. It prepares teachers to use data and research in decision- making. The link between professional learning and workplace performance Is explicit. To equip our students with the appropriate learning opportunity, we must: 1. Do Performance Review Process Ana Plans to ensure Professional Learning Is Touches on meeting needs; 2. Promote PL in our workplace as ongoing and explicitly linked to workplace performance, student/client outcomes and routine work practices; 3. Acknowledge that we are stakeholders in our own professional learning and contribute to the development of appropriate Professional Learning experiences; 4. Value experiential learning and provide opportunities for individuals to participate in study groups, mentor others and develop communities of reactive; 5. Ensure that learning options relevant, timely, collaborative and encourage transference of learning; and 6. Ensure that learning options reflect a wide range of work-based options suitable to different learning styles. These are Just some of the methods we can consider. There are various others out there depending on the need of the students in a specific time. 3. Cite Concrete illustration or applications of how the 4 pillars of education contribute to lifelong learning. I believe as educators we must combine all the pillars. All make the basis off good education. We need to give the students knowledge in order the gain the competencies they need to outstanding in their future. We must give them the tools they need to recognize the world around them, exercise their memory, attention and thought. If they have the knowledge they learn to do, they materialize what they have in their brains; each one according to their level and capabilities. They learn to make judgments about right and wrong so they can think critically. .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .postImageUrl , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:hover , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:visited , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:active { border:0!important; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:active , .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0e12f8ad9f2be01fedd11de6ad31149a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucianism And Raise The Red EssayAlso we should guide hem through the discovery of who they are, and what do they want in life, we must provide all the possible experiences so they can reach to those answers. If they know who they are, accept and love themselves they will accept, tolerate and love others. They will learn the importance of a persons essence; that goes beyond social class, color, education and culture. All the pillars are part of an integral education that allows us to form human beings, that will be able to defend themselves in a world of constant change and will make them part of a better world.

Symbols in Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example

Symbols in Fahrenheit 451 Paper As spoken by Socrates â€Å"The secret of change is to focus all of your energy, not on fighting the old, but on building the new†. Focusing on change and putting all your energy in changing what is wrong is what Ray Bradbury is expressing in the novel Fahrenheit 451. This novel is about one man named Guy Montag is set on a path by multiple people to change society and make it a new dawn of humanity. Bradbury asserts three main symbols. The Phoenix, which embodies rebirth of mankind and the nature of history, mirrors which represent seeing oneself and understanding what has happened, the last symbol blood personifies someones instinctive self. Right up front, the Phoenix embodies the ability for mankind to see one’s mistake and fix the mistake and learn not to do it again. For example in the novel Fahrenheit 451 Granger states â€Å"We know all the damn silly things we’ve done for thousands of years, and as long we know thatsomeday we’ll stop making goddamn funeral pyres and jumping in the middle of them†(156). Granger makes a direct comparison to human beings and the Phoenix. They both destroy themselves in a shroud of fire, but both start again in the ashes. If the people in the society kept the books which preserve the past and allow people to learn the lessons of prior tragedies. Granger hoped that humanity will remember the suffering caused by destruction, and will avoid destroying itself in the future. Granger clearly statesâ€Å"We’re remembering . . . And some day we’ll remember so much that we’ll build the biggest g______ steam-shovel in history and dig the bigges t grave of all time and shove war in and cover it up†(157). He is saying, ask yourself one question what we’re doing and you can say â€Å"We’re remembering†(157). Granger is saying when somebody remembers then that will be the dawn of fixing our mistakes, but we don’t fix them because we don’t look ourselves in the mirror and try to fix it. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbols in Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbols in Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbols in Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The

buy custom The Development of Information Systems essay

buy custom The Development of Information Systems essay This paper seeks to establish the development of information systems for the enterprise and their future direction. Information systems are a field that keeps on changing with time and invention of better working tools and, therefore, most enterprises have to follow the change and create a way to accommodate these changes. In this paper, we are going to look at these developments and the direction they are likely to take in the future. This is because any development in the information system will call for more innovations in the elements of information systems. In addition, the paper will consider the needs of the enterprise of many sizes and its future opportunities. Enterprises come in different categories depending on the size and operations. Enterprises in the current world are facing considerable challenges from diverse changes making the traditional enterprise information system be out of date. The timely reaction to market changes has turned out to be a competitive advantage. Information system refers to the grouping of software, hardware, infrastructure and trained personnel organised to make possible control, planning, decision-making, and coordination in an organization. On the other hand, an enterprise refers to a company or a business. The development of information systems is a procedure that involves several steps and the paper will outline these steps. In an enterprise, there exist several relationships between information systems and changes in the enterprise, both within and across firms, which affect the development of information systems. The development in information systems gains exceptional attention as it influences the organisational changes. When analysing the development of information systems we will consider the software, hardware, infrastructure, and trained personnel in line with the enterprises plan, control, coordination, and decision-making. The development of information systems varies with the nature of enterprise and its needs. Different enterprises have varied needs and changes in information syste will be in line with these needs. It is, therefore, indispensable for anyone planning to develop an information system of any company or business to consider the nature of enterprise they are dealing with and its needs. There are different types of enterprises including a sole proprietorship, partnership, companies, and corporations. The above types of enterprises have some differences in their ownership, management, liability, amount of capital and their legality. For instance, the sole proprietorship enterprise is whereby the ownership is by one person and so is the management while, for partnership, the management and ownership of the enterprise is by two or more persons. On the other hand, the categorization of enterprises can be in the form of how the enterprise operates. Examples include Independent enterprises, Competitive enterprises, Supplementary enterprises, and Complementary enterprises. Independent enterprises have no direct bearing on each other and an increase in degree of one another neither helps nor hinders the level of the other. Competitive enterprises are those, which contend for the available resources, while supplementary enterprises are the ones, which can supplement each other. These differences in the different categories of enterprises have different needs, which in turn will call for varied information systems (Kirikova, 2002, p.40). The needs of a corporation will not be the same as those of the partnership business and, therefore, they will have different information systems. We define the development of the information system as a change procedure taken with respect to object systems in a set of surroundings by a development group using an organized collection of techniques and tools known as a method to attain or maintain some objectives. The process of development of an information system includes improvement of both computerized and manual parts of an object system. In the definition of the Information System, we see that it includes both computer- supported parts and manual. It is, therefore, essential that the development of the informatioon system involves a technique and a method. By a technique, we refer to the set of rules and steps, which characterize how a symbolization of an information system is derived and handled. This is usually by the use of some theoretical structure and related notations. By employing, the technique-procedure system developers observe, define and correspond on certain features of the present or wished object system. De finition and symbolization of these contexts are held by the theoretical structure of the technique and the notation respectively. The tool in use while applying the technique process means a computer- based application, which sustains the use of a modelling technique. Here, there is an abstraction of the object system into replicas, checking that the replicas are dependable, switching results from one form of replica and representation to another, and giving specifications for re-examination. The major examples of modelling techniques are activity models and data flow diagrams. In the case of data flow diagram, it identifies and names the objects and relationships, which are necessary in developing an information system. For other techniques, they will involve other sets of relationships and objects in development of information system. Modelling techniques have a representation and a notation. For example, in a data flow diagram the notation for a procedure is circular and for a data flow a concrete line with an arrowhead (Prabhu, Kumara, and Kamath, 2003, p 67). On the other hand, a method is an organized and predefined collection rules and techniques that state what order, by whom, and in what means the techniques are applied to attain or sustain some objectives. This definition includes both the process and product contexts and, therefore, insists on the procedure rather than the representation. The next section we look at is the needs of the enterprise of many sizes. In the earlier discussion, the paper analyzed the different classifications of enterprises and, therefore, these enterprises will have varied needs, when it comes to the system development. Buy custom The Development of Information Systems essay

Introduction to Financial Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to Financial Accounting - Essay Example The business strategy of the company is to remain focused on building its brands and improve upon its estate. â€Å"The company’s strategy is to be a modern, high quality, highly efficient brewer, wholesaler and retailer of premium specialty beers, wines, spirits, and minerals.† (J.B.Neame, Chief Executive in 2007 Annual Report). The company is admitting in its report that turnover of the company is increasing year by year, but it fails to mention anything about liquidity position of the company. Keeping in view such shortcomings in the material issued by the company as well as based on above background about company; and also as per available terms of references, the financial and overall performance of the company has been analyzed in this write-up as under. 3. In order to evaluate the impact of market developments, the situation has been analyzed based on earning per share and the posture of low capital gearing adopted by the company, in absence any data available about the company from active markets. In respect of analyzing the sales behavior over period from 2005 to2007, the sales in absolute figures have grown from  £91,354,000 in 2005 to  £95,343,000 in 2006 and to  £100,047,000 in 2007. Relatively sales in 2007 have grown 4.9% over 2006 and 9.51% over 2005. The sales behavior is very positive and encouraging despite smoking ban. The basic reason for such tremendous growth in absolute sales is growth in company’s infrastructural facilities providing a real push to the business. By the end of 2007 the company owned 376 pubs; and out of these338 pubs are freehold. Further the adherence to basic strategy of brand building is in fact paying dividends in the growth of gross turnover of the company. On this issue the chairman of the company emphasized in his statement in company’s annual report 2007, â€Å"Our business strategy remains to build our brands, invest to improve our pub estate, remain focused on our strength and to improve our overall